Patients Need Education on the Risks of Medical Radiation Exposure

Since 1974, CT scanners have revolutionized the field of medicine. Offering a non-invasive method for studying and evaluating diseases, doctors are using this diagnostic tool more and more. However, recent studies reveal that this unique merger of computer and X-ray imaging technology may be used more often than realized and may subsequently place patients at risk for higher radiation exposure.

In August 2011, researchers from the University of Michigan Health Systems published findings in the Annals of Emergency Medicine regarding trends for CT use in emergency departments. The team reviewed 12 years of data covering almost 370,000 patients. From their analysis, CT scan use increased from 3.2 percent in 1996 to 13.9 percent in 2007-a 330 percent increase. The researchers also discovered that 25 percent of all computed tomography scans are performed in emergency rooms as compared to other health care systems. Patients who complained of anything from abdominal pain to nerve impairments to vertigo underwent these diagnostic tests.

While the University of Michigan study results may not be surprising, they are alarming. In a Time Magazine article published in February 2011, a roundtable of experts brought to light the excessive use of CT scans in the emergency care environment. At one facility, a doctor reported that one-third of patients at his hospital had at least five CT scans within the past 20 years, and another five percent had at least 22 scans.

Negligent radiation overexposure can create serious side effects. Patients may initially experience hair loss, memory loss and dizziness. More problematically, some studies have shown that one in 600 patients increases his or her risk of developing brain cancer and about 250 others will get brain cancer from this procedure each year.

In order to reduce patient risks for short and long term complications from CT scans, patients need to understand the risks as well as benefits of this diagnostic procedure. Education about radiation exposure and risks should be sought. For patients with a history of heart disease, diabetes, asthma, kidney disease or thyroid problems, an understanding about possible adverse effects associated with CT scans is crucial. Providing detailed patient histories and asking questions about risks, concerns and expectations can also help patients reduce their risk for radiation overexposure and CT scan complications.

An estimated 62 million CT scans are performed annually. Understanding the importance and impact of diagnostic tests, such as CT scans, can only help improve overall patient safety and long-term health. If you or a loved one is suffering from consequences of over-radiation, please contact an experienced personal injury attorney to explore your legal options.

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